Farol colonial de
chapa de hierro a kerosene. Argentina.
Colonial-style
sheet-iron kerosene lantern. Argentina.
Farol colonial de
chapa de hierro a kerosene. Argentina.
Colonial-style
sheet-iron kerosene lantern. Argentina.
Iluminación con lámparas a kerosene. Entre 1865 - 1931.
Buenos Aires. Argentina.
Lighting with kerosene lamps. Between 1865 - 1931. Buenos
Aires. Argentina.
Iluminación con lámparas de arco eléctrico. En 1898. Buenos
Aires. Argentina.
Lighting with electric arc lamps. In 1898. Buenos Aires.
Argentina.
Los rayos X son una radiación electromagnética ionizante, invisible para el ojo humano, capaz de atravesar cuerpos opacos, fueron descubiertos por el físico alemán Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen en 1895 mientras experimentaba con tubos de Hittorff-Crookes y una bobina Ruhmkorff.
Loco - foco o Congreve.
Difusión cultural. Historia de la Iluminación: Ocupaciones
de un farolero en la ciudad de Buenos
Aires en 1844.
Cultural Diffusion. History of Lighting: The Occupations of
a Lamplighter in Buenos Aires in 1844.
Luminus. Electric lighter.
History of lighting.
In the large jar there is a
carbon rod and a smaller zinc rod that moves up and down by means of a plunger.
The combination of carbon and zinc together with a mixture of weak sulfuric
acid and potassium bichromate creates a battery by converting chemical energy
into electrical energy, this reaction occurs when the zinc rod is dipped in the
solution. The generated current goes to a filament that lights a pilot wick and
this lights the main wick, both wicks are dipped in gasoline in the small jar.
Mechero o quemador Kosmos Brenner
En 1865, dos fabricantes alemanes, Wild y Wessel inventan un
quemador o mechero para lámparas a kerosene con toma de aire lateral que lo
lleva hasta el centro de la llama. Usan una mecha plana que al introducirse
entre dos tubos concéntricos termina en forma circular. Su marca fue WW
“Kosmos”. Wild y Wessel no renovaron la patente por lo que fue copiado por una
gran cantidad de lampistas alemanes y franceses.
En 1895 Brokelmann, Jaeger & Co de Nehein, Alemania
compra la marca Kosmos y le cambia el nombre a Kosmos Brenner. En 1903, Hugo
Schneider, compra las máquinas de Wild y
Wessel y continúa con la fabricación de Kosmos.
Cultural diffusion. Use of the light generated by an
electric arc lamp and a collector to concentrate the light, to cure diseases.
Lyon. France. Year: 1901
The Eupyrion. First self-combusting match, invented by K. Chancel (1805).Lighter used in France in 1809-1832 to produce flame. It consisted of a box containing a jar full of asbestos dipped in sulfuric acid and sticks whose tip was impregnated with sulfur coated with a paste of potassium chlorate, sugar and gum arabic. The stick was immersed in the jar and it was lit. Disadvantages. Expensive and the acid degraded over time and lost strength.
Incandescent Lighting in 1903. Argentina. It uses a mantle that emits its own light due to the action of heat, generating bright white light, suitable for gas or kerosene lamps. This mantle was invented by Carl Welsbach in 1880 and perfected in 1891. In 1903 there were 2,351 incandescent gas lanterns on the streets of the city of Buenos Aires.
Iluminación con gas acetileno.
Electric light arrived for the first time in the City of Buenos Aires
through a demonstration carried out by the Basque-French odontologist Jean
Etchepareborda (1823-1892) in his house on September 3, 1853, copying the
method carried out in the Plaza de La Concorde in Paris in 1844 by Deleuil -
Focault. To do this, it uses an adjustable electric arc lamp that allows the
proximity of the carbon electrodes and Bunsen electric cells connected in
parallel, between 25 and 50 to achieve the appropriate amperage for the
electric arc to form (10 amp). This type of lighting was not suitable for the
time because it produced a very white light to the eye and had the problem that
the distance between the electrodes had to be manually adjusted due to their
wear and the short life of the batteries. On May 25, 1854, it illuminated the
Plaza Mayor. Despite the success achieved and the admiration of the
inhabitants, the authorities discarded it as a little-known and risky method.
Museo Mineralis, Argentina.
The use of gas in Argentina began
in May 1823 in the city of Buenos Aires when the English engineer James Bevans
(1777-1832) illuminated the Plaza de La Victoria with hydrogen gas as a
demonstration. Only in 1853 did the process of effective use of hydrogen gas
begin with the installation in the Retiro area of the Gas Plant and its
subsequent distribution in houses and central streets through ceramic conduits.
On May 25, 1856, the main buildings of the city (Cabildo, Cathedral, Recova and
the Fort) were illuminated with gas, having a great impact on the inhabitants
of the same, later its development was implemented in the surrounding neighborhoods
with streets cobbled The plant was located near the Río de la Plata to allow
ships and barges to unload Cannel coal from England. The manufacture of
hydrogen gas was done from the distillation of Cannel coal rich in volatile
components (30 to 50%) and its subsequent storage in special tanks (gasometers).
Due to the success of its application, its use expanded over time to more
remote neighborhoods and cities.
Museo Mineralis. Argentina.